Hafslund Celsio, Oslo

Hafslund Celsio operates Oslo's flagship waste-to-energy plant at Klemetsrud, which is being retrofitted with one of Europe's most advanced bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) systems. The plant processes thousands of tonnes of biogenic municipal waste — wood chips, food scraps, and organic material — generating electricity and district heating for Oslo while simultaneously capturing the CO₂ released during combustion.

The captured CO₂ is compressed, transported by ship from Oslo, and injected into permanent geological storage reservoirs beneath the North Sea — ensuring that the carbon removed from the atmosphere stays locked away for geological timescales. Unlike other approaches that carry reversal risk, geological storage provides durable, verifiable, and permanent carbon removal.

This BECCS approach achieves negative emissions: since the biomass absorbed CO₂ while growing, burning it and then capturing the resulting CO₂ creates a net removal of atmospheric carbon — all while producing clean energy for the city. Norway's world-class geological infrastructure and political commitment to carbon storage make this one of the most credible and scalable pathways to net-negative emissions in Europe.